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Nutrient deficiency
Disease management
Pest management
Nutrient deficiency
Nitrogen deficiency
Symptoms
- Stunted plants.
- Leaf discolouration from tip of the leaves (yellowing).
Solution Products
phosphorus deficiency
Symptoms
- Older leaves turn brownish red & purple colors develop in leaves.
- Leaves narrow, short, very erect ‘dirty’ dark green.
Solution Products
Potassium deficieny
Symptoms
- Dark green plants with yellowish.
- Brown leaf margins and brown necrotic spots on the tips of older leaves.
Solution Products
Boron deficiency
Symptoms
- It results in a reduction in plant height, the death of growing points, white discoloration, and the rolling of leaf tips.
- Lack of boron (B) disturbs the functioning of the plasma membrane, its structure, and the building of cell walls.
Disease management
Blast disease
Symptoms
- A fungal disease, attacks at all stages of crop.
- Symptoms appear on leaves, nodes, rachis, and glumes.
Brown Spot
Symptoms
- It causes failure of seed germination, seedling mortality, reduces the grain quality and weight.
- Infests from seedling to milky stage
- Symptoms appear as minute spots on the coleoptile, leaf blade, leaf sheath, and glume.
Sheath Rot
Symptoms
- Rotting occurs on the leaf sheath that encloses the young panicles.
- Irregular spots or lesions, with dark reddish-brown margins and gray center.
Sheath Blight
Symptoms
- Initial symptoms are noticed on leaf sheaths near water level.
- On the leaf sheath oval or elliptical or irregular greenish grey spots are formed.
False smut / Lakshmi disease
Symptoms
- Infection usually occurs during the reproductive and ripening stages.
- Infected grains transform into spore balls that are initially orange and then turn greenish black as they mature.
Pest management
Leaf folder
Symptoms
- Leaves folded longitudinally and larvae remain inside.
- Larvae scrape the green tissues of the leaves and become white and dry.
Stem borer
Symptoms
- Vegetative Phase: the central shoot dies off turning yellow in colour (dead heart).
- Ear bearing stage: the ear head appears completely chaffy and white in colour (white ear head).
Brown plant hopper
Symptoms
- Both the nymphs and adults remain at the ground level and suck the plant sap.
- It is a typical vascular feeder primarily sucking phloem sap leading to hopper burn.
Root grub
Symptoms
- Wilting and yellowing: Plants infested with root grubs often wilt and turn yellow or brown. This is because the grubs damage the roots, which reduces the plant's ability to absorb water and nutrients.
Rice root-knot nematode
Symptoms
- The rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola, is a plant-parasitic nematode that infects rice plant roots and causes galls or knots.
- The second-stage juvenile (J2) is the infective stage and can be found in the soil or inside the roots.
